getMarketPricesAsync is an alternative version of getMarketPrices and is provided by .NET (not the API). Both calls send exactly the same SOAP request to the API. The difference is that getMarketPrices sends the request and waits for the response, while getMarketPricesAsync sends the request and doesn't wait (in fact, the API does not know which call you are using).
If you look at the class BFExchangeService in the object browser (BetfairX.BFUK.BFExchangeService) you will see that getMarketPricesAsync is there, along with the async calls for all of the API calling methods.
If you look at the class BFExchangeService in the object browser (BetfairX.BFUK.BFExchangeService) you will see that getMarketPricesAsync is there, along with the async calls for all of the API calling methods.

